A History of the Catechumenate
Part 2 Footnotes

Abbreviations

¹ Cf. H. Tardif, Catéchuménat d'hier et d'aujourd'hui, Masses ouvrières (12 avenue Sainte-Rosalie, Paris XIII) 142 , June 1958, pp. 45-62; Etapes catéchuménales, Masses ouvrières 137, January 1958, pp. 13-24. These works nuance the affirmations of very rapid baptism in the absence of the catechumenate.

² Cyril of Jerusalem, Selections from the Catechetical Lectures, ed. by William Telfer, The Library of Christian Classics IV: Cyril of Jerusalem and Nemesius of Emesa. Procatechesis, 1 7,35-36.

³ Ambrose, In Psalm. 118, 20. 48-9, PL 15,1499, A to C.

⁴ Ibid.

⁵ Augustine, Serm. 47,17.

⁶ Augustine, De catechizandis rudibus, V,9: The First Catechetical Instruction, trans. by Joseph P. Christopher, ACW, p. 24.

⁷ Augustine, Confessions, 1,1,11.

⁸ Exp. in Luc. 4,76: SC 45(2), ed. by G. Tissot, 1971, p.181.

⁹ Basil, Hom. XIll sur le Saint Baptême, I,3,7, PG 31, 425 ff. (preached in 371).

¹⁰ Sermon sur le Saint Baptême, orat. 40, nr. 11, PG 36, 372 B-C (preached in 381).

¹¹ PG 45, 416-32.

¹² Quaest. ad Simpl. 1,2,2, PL 40,111-2. Augustine takes the example of catechumens to illustrate his thesis: "Man begins to receive grace from the moment when he begins to believe in God, since he is moved toward the faith by an interior or exterior motion."

¹³ PG 59,115. John Chrysostom, Baptismal Instructions, trans. by Paul W. Harkins, ACW, 31, p. 179.

¹⁴ PG 60, 23-5.

¹⁵ Cf. M.-D. Chenu, "Foi et sacrament," La Maison-Dieu 71, pp. 69-77; L. Villette, Foi et sacrament, Paris, 1959, 1964; A. Monjardet, Autre Eglise, autre foi, L'Epi, Paris, 1967, pp. 171-88; P. Gerbe and E. Marcus, lls demandent le baptême pour leur enfant. Le Cerf, Paris, 1966; see also J. Frisque, A. Laurentin, E. Marcus, J. Massaut, T. Maertens, and E. Potel, Foi et sacrament, la sacramentalisation des non-pratiquants, Coll. de Pastorale liturgique, 62, Biblica, Bruges, 1964, which includes a bibliographical bulletin on the problem of faith and sacrament by A. Laurentin, pp. 53-68.

¹⁶ De Spiritu Sancto, 12,28; SC 1 7, p. 157. Basil the Great on the Holy Spirit, trans. by George Lewis, London, Religious Tract Society, s.d.

¹⁷ PG 29,655.

¹⁸ Athanasius, II Or. adv. Ar. nr. 3, PG 26,237, A-B.

¹⁹ PG 26, 218.

²⁰ Quaest. ad Simpl. 1,2,2, PL 40,111-2.

²¹ De fide et op. 1,1; FC, 27, p. 221.

²² Ibid., 26,48. On the magical notion of the efficacy of baptism, cf. these words of Augustine: "They believe they can permit themselves to commit adultery, under the pretext that they are catechumens and they dare to appeal to the adulterous woman of the Gospels 'who was not condemned.' Let no one say the adulterous woman obtained pardon and I am still a catechumen, I shall commit adultery because I shall be pardoned," Serm. 20,6; ed. G. Morin, Miscellanea Agostiniana, p. 116; cf. also Serm. 16 A, CCL 41, p. 222.

²³ Procatecfiesis, 1-2,4. PG 33, 1050ff.; SC 126.

²⁴ II Hom. ad illum., PG 49,234 (Antioch, Lent 388). English text partially from John Chrysostom: Baptismal Instructions, trans. by Paul W. Harkins, ACW 31, p. 179.

²⁵ Or. Cat. 40, PG 45,101, B-D, cf. 104 A. The Catechetical Oration of St. Gregory of Nyssa, trans. by J. H. Srawley, London, SPCK, 1917, p. 117.

²⁶ Serm. 200,2; CCL 104,808. Saint Caesarius of Arles: Sermons, Vol. III, trans. by Sr. Mary Magdeleine Mueller, OSF, FC 66, p. 59.

²⁷ De fide et op., 5,7.

²⁸ Pseudo-Origen, Treatise XIl of the edition of P. Batiffol and A. Wilmart, Tractatus Origenis de libris 55. Scripturarum, Paris, 1900, p. 135. On the image of Noah's ark applied to the Church in function of the catechumenate as Tertullian uses it, cf. Dujarier, Parrainage des adultes, p. 224.

²⁹ Cited in Hamman, La Messe (Lettres chrétiennes), p. 233; see also p. 240: "You have been sifted by fasts, meditations, vigils, exorcisms. You have been ground by exorcising; one does not knead without water; you have been baptized."

³⁰ John Chrysostom, In Ep. I ad Cor. in Hom. 12,7; PG 61, 106; Mark the Deacon, Life of Porphyry of Gaza, 6,45, PG 65, 1242; cf. trans. of H. Grégoire and M.A. Kugener, Paris, 1930, Etudes byzantines, pp. 37-8 and 118 (end 4th century). Most of the Fathers of the Church that we know of from the 4th century were inscribed in the catechumenate as children and baptized as adults after having been personally converted, thus Basil, Gregory of Nazianzus, Augustine, John Chrysostom.

³¹ Augustine, Conf., 1,1,11; PL 32,668. De cat. rud. 26,50.

³² Vie de Porphyre, 4,29, PG 65, 1226; cf. the trans. of H. Grégoire and M. A. Kugener, Paris, 1930, pp. 26-27, Ambrose, In Psalm. 118, PL 20, 168. One finds many conversions of this kind in the life of St. Martin by Sulpicius Severus, SC 133, pp. 283, 285, 291; also Dial, 11,4,9, PL 20, 204.

³³ B. Botte, "Les plus anciennes collections canoniques," L'Orient syrien 5, 1960. 331-50. Canon d'Hippolyte, text and trans. by R.-J. Coquin, PO 31, pp. 273-444.

³⁴ De cat. rud. 26,50.

³⁵ Augustine, Contra Cresc., 2,5,7.

³⁶ De cat. rud. 8,12: "If a candidate comes to you who has already cultivated classical studies... it is highly improbable that he does not know many passages of our Scriptures."

³⁷ Ibid. 5,9.

³⁸ Canon 42, Hefele, Histoire des conciles 1, pp. 212 ff.

³⁹ This is the case, for example, with Marius Victorinus of whom Augustine speaks in Conf. 8,2,5.

⁴⁰ De fide et op., 6,9; FC 27, p. 23.

⁴¹ Cyril of Jerusalem, Procatechesis, 4 & 6; Library of Christian Classics 4.

⁴² Ie Cat. ad lllum. 4, PG 49,221 (Antioch, Lent, 387). LC 5, pp. 1 79-80.

⁴³ II e Cat. ad Illum. PG 49, 221; c. 231 (Antioch, Lent, 387), LC 5, p. 185.

⁴⁴ Journal, 45; SC 21, ed. H. Pétré, 1948, pp. 255-7; Egeria's Travels, trans. by John Wilkinson, London, SPCK, 1971, pp. 143-4.

⁴⁵ Theodore of Mopsuestia, Hom. XII (1st on Baptism), nr. 14; in Les Homélies catéchétiques de Théodore de Mopsueste, ST 145, 1949.

⁴⁶ L. Roques, Le Parrainage des adultes d'après les homélies de Théodore de Mopsueste, Inst. Sup. Past. Cat., Paris, 1 96 1; V.S. Janeras, "En quels jours furent prononcées les homélies catéchétiques de Théodore de Mopsueste?" in Memorial Mgr. Gabriel Khouri-Sarkis, Leuven, 1969, pp. 121-33.

⁴⁷ In Serm. 200,2 (CCL 104,808), St. Caesarius states that the inscription of the name is done "several days before Easter," that is, a short time in advance.

⁴⁸ Canon 19, PO 31, 377.

⁴⁹ Journal, 46; SC 21, pp. 257-9; Egeria's Travels, pp. 144-5.

⁵⁰ The principal points of catechesis on the Creed are cited in my series of articles, "Pour une mise en oeuvre du nouveau rituel de l'initiation chrétienne des adultes," "Document 3: Les traditions" (in Le Calao 39, p. L 39, note 3).

⁵¹ For the catechesis on the Our Father, ibid., p. L 40, note 5.

⁵² Journal, 46. On the custom of the transmission of the Symbol and of the Our Father and of the submission to the Symbol at Hippo, see S. Poque, "Augustine d'Hippone: Sermons pour la Pâque," SC II 6, pp. 59-69. The dates vary according to the Churches; see my article cited in note 50 above, pp. L 29- L 32.

⁵³ De Symb. 3,1,3; CCL 60,349.

⁵⁴ Serm. 216,6-7. On the manner of performing the scrutinies, see my article 'Document 4: Les scrutins," in Le Calao 40, pp. L 42-L 45.

⁵⁵ Hom. XIII, 13,17, & 19. R. Tonneau and R. Devreesse, Les homélies catéchétiques de Théodore de Mopsueste", ST 145, pp. 391-401.

⁵⁶ In 385, in his Epistle to Himerius of Tarragona, Pope Siricius (384-399) states that an ancient Roman custom recommends that adults only be baptized at Easter and in the period of joy up till Pentecost except in danger of death; Ep. 1, 3, PL 13, 1134-1135; cf. Ap. Trad., nr. 22 ff. See also Tertullian, De bapt. 19,1-3; CCL 1,293, and St. Leo, pope, Letter 16, 1-5 addressed to the Bishops of Sicily, 21 Oct. 447, LC 5, pp. 282-7.

⁵⁷ On this subject, see Jean Daniélou, Bible et liturgie 1958, pp. 29-96, and my series of articles in Le Calao cited above. All these articles will appear in my book to be published by W.H. Sadlier Inc.: The Rites of Christian Initiation of Adults, Historical and Pastoral Reflections, (1979).

⁵⁸ John Chrysostom, Cat. ad Ilium. 2,27 (Antioch, shortly after 388), SC 50, pp. 148-9.

⁵⁹ Ibid., 4, 1, SC 50, p. 182.

⁶⁰ on the distinction between catechumen and the faithful, see my article "Qu'est-ce qu'un catéchumène? Recherche sur le statut du catéchumène dans I'Eglise," in Le Calao, 25 (1974,1), pp. 22-5.

⁶¹ John Chrysostom, lle Cat. ad Illium., 1; LC 5, p. 187. Also note the names "newly illuminated " (p. 187) and "neophyte" (p. 201) given to the newly baptized.

⁶² Journal, 47; SC 21, p. 261; Egeria's Travels, pp. 145-6.

⁶³ Cf. my article, "Le temps du néophytat" to be published in Le Calao 47, particularly note 12.

⁶⁴ John Chrysostom, Cat. 4, 4; SC 50(2), p. 184.

⁶⁵ Ibid., 5,20; SC 50(2), p. 210.

⁶⁶ Ibid., 4 17; SC 50(2), pp. 191-3. See also 18-19.

⁶⁷ Hom. in Act. Ap., 1,8; PG 60 cc. 24-25 (Constantinople, Lent, 400).

⁶⁸ Sermon on Holy Baptism, 13; PG 36, 373 D; 376 A; ES, p. 72; LC 5, p. II 9.

⁶⁹ Cf. "Epistle to Diognetus," 5-6.

⁷⁰ The reduction of the catechumenate to the Lenten period marks the beginning of major decline. See Appendix 11 below.

⁷¹ At the time of Caesarius, the parents had to bring their babies who were to be baptized at Easter to the Lenten catechumenal ceremonies. But already, some mothers tried to avoid this custom (Serm. 84,6). On the subject of the evolution of the baptismal rite under the influence of infant baptism, see P. Riche, "Education et culture dans l'occident barbare Vle-Ville siècles." Patristica sorboniensa 4, Paris, 1962, pp. 532-5, and J.-Ch. Didier, "Une adaptation de la liturgie baptismale au baptême des enfants dans I'Eglise ancienne." Mélanges de sciences religieuses 22, 1965, pp. 79-90.

⁷² Cf. M. Dujarier, "Le Catéchuménat et la maternité de I'Eglise," La Maison-Dieu 71, pp. 78-93.

⁷³ This is why the Fathers so often used with regard to the catechumenate this saying of Christ: "Do not give dogs what is holy; and do not throw your pearls before swine" (Mt 7:6). See above Chap. 2, n. 4.

⁷⁴ Augustine, Tract. in Jo. 44, 2. Cf. also 11,3; Serm. 136,3, and the Serm. ad catech. published in Revue bénédictine 50, 1938, pp. 186-193 and also Serm. 294,14 in PLS 2, 192-5. See also my article cited in note 3, p. 57 above.

⁷⁵ On the use and the sense of the word "vigor" by the Christian writers of North Africa in the 3rd century, particularly St. Cyprian, see J. Daniélou, Les origines du christianisme latin, Cerf, Paris, 1978, pp. 349-55.

www.sadlier.com/main.htm
Copyright © 2004
William H. Sadlier, Inc.
All rights reserved.